Convert between numeric (755) and symbolic (u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx) chmod permission formats. See detailed breakdown for owner, group, and others. Everything runs locally in your browser — nothing is uploaded.
Convert between hexadecimal bytes and ASCII text. Supports custom delimiters and real-time bidirectional conversion. Everything runs locally in your browser — nothing is uploaded.
Inspect any string — view character count, byte length, word count, line count, Unicode code points, and non-ASCII character breakdown.
Convert between JSON and PHP arrays, and serialize/unserialize PHP data. All four operations in one tool with instant swap.
Calculate net salary after taxes — enter gross salary, deductions, and tax brackets to see your take-home pay with a full breakdown.
Detect if text was written by AI. Analyzes burstiness, repetition patterns, sentence variance, and AI trigger phrases. Get a percentage score with detailed breakdown per section.
Numeric uses octal digits (e.g., 755), while symbolic uses letters (e.g., u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx). Both represent the same permissions.
Read (4), write (2), and execute (1). Add them together: 4+2+1=7 (full), 4+0+1=5 (read+execute), etc.
Yes. Enter symbolic notation like u=rwx,g=rx,o=r and get the numeric equivalent (754).
The permission values are the same for files and directories, but the execute bit means different things (traverse for directories, execute for files).
Yes. The calculator works entirely offline after the initial page load.
SSH Key Generator
Generate RSA, ECDSA, and Ed25519 SSH key pairs with proper OpenSSH format output. RSA uses RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 (2048-bit). ECDSA supports P-256 and P-384. Ed25519 uses a pure-JS implementation (no server). Public keys paste directly into ~/.ssh/authorized_keys.
CIDR Calculator
Calculate CIDR subnet ranges — network address, broadcast, first/last host, total hosts, and netmask.